Vaisay “Ray-Qaa” as Umrao Jaan was definitely a gem i.e., when she was at her peakduring her prime days. But, Ghulam Ali was always ugly and uncouth. Among the other notable Ghazal singers I used to like Jagjit Singh when he used to sing with Chitra, some how they both used to compliment each other but, his solo’s have become monotonous because he sings in the same tone thats why “mono-tone” and stereotype.

As a Ghazal singer its hard to entertain the live audience and that too over a sustainable period of time. And you are right about the interference and the clutter in live concerts distracts us from concentrating on the obvious. I enjoy music in my car which has a premium sound system – 13 Harman Kardon speakers – and a few good quality CD recordings – both English and Desi collection, and there is no one to disturb or distract you.

As far as the craft technique that you are talking about, it works when you don’t know the background of the Ghazal or the lyrics but, serious audience are not that dumb and naive. For e.g., he was singing Ghalib’s famous Ghazal”

Bana hai Shah ka Musahib phiray hai itrata
Warna Shaher may Ghalib ki Abroo kya hai?

He was trying to explain the meaning of Shah by saying Shah means Badshah ( I am sure every single person knew that) I bet Ghulam Ali himself does not know the background of this Ghazal.

The background of this Ghazal is more important than the meaning of one words that he was trying to explain. Reportedly Ghalib was taunting at the other poet, Zauq who was his biggest rival, when Zauq became the chamberlain of the Emperor’s court, he used to show-off only to piss of Ghalib. One day he was passing through the bazar with all his paraphernalia and chamchas and when Ghalib saw his trivial entourage and his petty antics, he couldn’t control himself and said the first misra of above verse which was more like a jibe at Zauq. “Bana hai Shah ka Musahib phiray hai itrata.”

Zauq got pissed off with that insult and in the next meeting at the court he complained to the Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar and said, Your Majesty he even insulted you by mentioning your name in “Bharay Baazaar” so, the Emperor asked Ghalib to clarify and explain. Ghalib replied, “Your Majesty he is lying, I was only reading the Maqta (last verse of a ghazal) of my new poem.

Upon hearing this Zauq demanded that the new poem must be read in the court and Ghalib was so talented that at the spur of the moment he created a new Ghazal spontaneously and read it from a piece of paper on which something else was written and the Ghazal is like this:

Har ek baat pe kehtay ho tum kaye ‘tu kya hai’ ?
Tumhee kaho kay yeh andaaz-e-guftgoo kya hai ?

Na sholay may yeh karishma na barq may yeh ada
Koi batao kay woh shookh-e-tund Khoo kya hai ?

(Shook-e- tund = sharp/angry, Khoo = behavior)

Yae rashk hai kay wo hota hai hamsukhan tum say
Warna Khauf-e-bad aamozi-e-adoo kya hai ?

(rashk = jealousy, ham sukhan = to speak together/to agree,
khauf = fear, bad = bad/wicked, aamozi = education/teaching,
adoo = enemy)

Chipak raha hai badan par lahoo say pairaahan
Hamaaree jeb ko ab haajat-e-rafoo kya hai ?

pairaahan = shirt/robe/cloth, haajat = need/necessity,
rafoo = mending/stitching and jeb = pocket.

Jalaa hai jism jahaan dil bhee jal gaya hoga
kured tay ho jo ab raakh, justjoo kya hai ?

(justjoo = desire; kured tay = searching or rummaging)

Rugaon may daurtay phirnay kay ham nahee qaayal
Jab aankh hee say na tapka to phir lahoo kya hai ?

Woh cheez jiskay liye hamko ho bahisht azeez
Siwaay baada-e-gul-faam-e-mushkaboo kya hai ?

(bahisht (or bihisht, both are correct) = heaven, baada = wine, gul_faam = delicate and fragrant like flowers, mushkaboo = like the smell of musk)

Piyoon sharaab agar khum bhee dekh loon do chaar
Yeh sheesha-o-qadah-o-kooza-o-suboo kya hai ?

(Khum = wine barrel, qadah = goblet, kooza/suboo = wine pitcher)]

Rahee na taaqat-e-guftaar, aur agar ho bhee
to kis ummeed pay kahiye ke aarzoo kya hai ?

(guftaar = speech or discourse)

Bana hai Shaah ka musahib, phiray hai itaraata
Warna shehar may ‘Ghalib’ kee aabroo kya hai ?

(Musahib = Advisor/ comrade / associate)

Here Ghalib took the blame on himself by saying he is Shah’s Adviser and he goes into the City flaunting around because of that, otherwise Ghalib’s position without that (as an associate of the Shah) has no bearing no importance.

And Ghulam Ali, out of all these words that I have mentioned above and the background of that ghazal, he chose the word SHAH to explain it to the audience and said, Shah means Badshah, King, Sheikh (because the concert was in Dubai he used the word “Sheikh” such a loser, thats why I think he is such a ch2ya.)

Here i must confess that i still love some of his gems .. like “hungama hai kyon ..” In live concert generally performers get overindulgent and we “tasteless” audience start witnessing “dominance of craft(technique) over content”. Sometime it works and sometime it falls flat.

Jo apnay aap ko Urdu daan kahay aur Ghazal ko Gajal kahay uski Ghazal tou Azal say “paidee” hee hogi.

He became popular among the Indian crowd at a time when India / Pakistan relations were improving after a big gap. And the exchange of socio-cultural programmes were the basis of creating some balance and harmony between the two countries to get closer. At that time there was no one other notable Ghazal singer in Pakistan and Ghulam Ali took that opportunity to go and sing the same Ghazals each time on every occasion and in every function. Obviously logo nay tou bore hona hee thaa phir.

Besides, he has this stupid habit of considering the audience as naive and used to narrate and explain the meaning of the Urdu poetry verses in his own Paindoo Punjabi accent. And there is a limit to everything, he goes on and on and on like that stupid Geo TV guy who was interviewing Javed Miandad.

In Dubai, during one of the NRI seminars organized by Citi Bank, followed by dinner and an evening with Ghulam Ali at one of the hotels, Ghulam Ali ruined that evening by constantly translating the Urdu meanings in his PunjaBish.

He was also trying to prove a point to the audience that, in Urdu when you are reciting a poem you must emphasize and spell certain vowels and consonants in such a way that they please your ears like the word, SHAYED in Urdu or “Perhaps” in English. He sang a few times this word in a different way like this: Shaaaaaaaaayed, Shaaaayedddddddddd, Shayeddhhhhhhhhhhh and was trying to tell people that in the end the emphasis on the letter D should be so light, just like Daal. I was sitting in the front row and I got so pissed off and asked him Patleee Daal ya Garhee Daal? And Masoor Daal or Maash Daal? Everyone started laughing and he tried to justify by saying that most of the NRI crowd is from India and their Urdu is not that good so I have to explain this. Then someone said, Ghulam Ali this is not a school we are here for a musical evening and not a music class.

I am glad to know Amit that very soon you realized he is boring, actually for me he is unbearable. Moin Akhtar made a lot of fun on his TV programme “Loose Talk” especially about he (Ghulam Ali) fell in love with Rekha. Now here is something funny, in that NRI programme he was trying to teach the audience how to pronounce the word “Shayed” and he himself calls Rekha as “RAY-QAA” And Moin Akhtar made pun of him by saying this:

“Ghulam Ali nay kaha RAY-QAA ko mai nay DAY-QAA aur ab tou mujhay bus RAY-QAA say hee shaadi kerni hai,” and Moin Akhtar said, “RAY-QAA? Array tu nay apna moo hai DAY-QAA ? “

Is he so bad ?? … my early days of “ghazal prem” started with ghulam ali … later i found his style somewhat boring, specially when he sings a single line in thousand different ways and for a moment u find urself wondering when will the next line come. May be his case is the victim of excessive mixture of “thumri” in ghazals.

**he was referring to one of my comments on PakSpin in which I wrote, “If there is anyone who can do GHAZAL BLASPHEMY there is no one better than Pakistani Ghazal singer Ghulam Ali.” I had almost forgotten about it and I don’t even remember in what context I wrote that. But, on PakSpin some losers pushed Kamran Abbassi to change the rules and restrict the comments to 1000 characters and that lost the charm and the readership. Because, this is not a classroom where you are writing an essay in 100 or 200 words. And 1000 characters is a joke. The result ……… PakSpin is DEAD.

Dear readers, bloggers, friends and foes you are welcome to write long comments and you are also free to digress and deviate from the main subject of the thread, as long as you are not using any profane and abusive language, your comments will appear on this blog. We believe in disagreements or difference of opinion and not just “I am agree” types.

On the subject of Mohajirs or immigrants, I need to add something more and something important here. First of all from India – Pakistan perspective, the definition of Mohajir is, whoever crossed the border from India to Pakistan and vice versa is a Mohajir. However, assimilation and integration dilutes this label and it happened much faster in case of the Punjabis from East Punjab. Whereas, those who were different, were, and are still labeled as Mohajirs. Why is it so? To understand this we need to go back to the partition times.

In the early 1947, in the months leading up to the deliberations of the Punjab Boundary Commission lead by Lord Mountbatten and Sir Cyrile Radcliffe, the main disputed areas appeared to be in the Bari and Bist doabs. Although some areas in the Rechna doab were claimed by the Congress and Sikhs. In the Bari doab, the districts of Gurdaspur, Amritsar, Lahore, and Montgomery were all disputed. All districts except Amritsar, which was 46.5% Muslim population, had Muslim majorities; albeit, in Gurdaspur, the Muslim majority at 51.1%, was slender. Lahore and Amritsar the two major cities posed most problems for the decision makers hence, Lahore was left for Pakistan and Amritsar for India. The division of the rest of the districts was easy for them.

East Punjabi refugees to Pakistan did not face problems of cultural and linguistic assimilation after partition. However, there were many Muslim refugees who migrated to Pakistan from other Indian states they had. These refugees came from many different ethnic groups and regions in India, including Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh – then known as “United Provinces of Agra and Awadh”, or UP or Uttar Pradesh – MP or Madhya Pradesh – then Central Province or “CP”- and Gujarat, Bihar, what was then the princely state of Hyderabad, Junagarh and so on.

The total movement of masses on both sides of the border are reported to be around 20 million out of which only 14 million were from East Punjab to West Punjab and vice versa. Based on 1951 Census of displaced persons, 7,226,000 Muslims went to Pakistan from India while 7,249,000 Hindus and Sikhs moved to India from Pakistan immediately after partition i.e., only in Pubjab. And, the rest were from other states of India. More than a million people were killed at the border on both sides.

The interesting thing is, the East Punjab cities that have been mentioned above which had majority Muslim population is almost non existent today. Despite the fact that all the Muslims of East Punjab and their leaders were against the creation of Pakistan fled from there overnight. Somehow most of them escaped because of the language and cultural commonality they had, whereas, others who were different were butchered at the time of partition.

And after partition, for the East Punjab Muslims, there was no problem in assimilation and integration. Once again, those who looked different, speak different language and had different cultural backgrounds were the ones who had difficulty in assimilating and integrating and they were pushed out of Punjab.

These people were pushed down south as far as Karachi and when they tried to establish themselves with their business acumen, farsightedness and their vision by building the harbour city of Karachi into something more than a fishing village, the businessmen and industrialists of Chiniot and Sialkot realized the importance of the sea-port and came down to Karachi to take control of the port of Karachi. The exploitation of Karachi and those living in Karachi started and the Punjab dominance in Karachi also started. They knew that NWFP was of no use because of its borders with Afghanistan and they also knew that Baluchistan’s two ports Pasni and Gawadar were fishing villages whereas, Karachi was a “Pukkee, Pakayee Roti” for them.

And after almost 45-50 years of Punjab dominance the MQM came into existence. Otherwise the so-called Mohajirs of today were very well settled as Pakistanis in Karachi without calling themselves as Punjabis, Balouchis, Pathans or Sindhis but, just Pakistanis.

This is more like the history of North America, where the Inuit Indians or the First Nation people. Inuit are the Aboriginal people of Arctic Canada. They have disappeared into oblivion and the British, Irish, Scottish, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian immigrants came to this part of the world after Christopher Columbus and became the pioneers and the settlers and now the true and rightful owners of this continent. The Inuit population were forced out of the major cities into jungles and they live in extreme cold and barren areas such as Iqaluit, Hudson Bay area and as far as Alaska and as far as the north pole and are referred as Inuits and Eskimos etc.

Survival of the fittest, that is the law of this jungle called, The Planet Earth.

The country’s problems won’t go away when he finally steps aside.

By Tariq Ali

August 16, 2008

Power has been draining away from Pakistan President Pervez Musharraf for more than a year. His party suffered a stunning electoral defeat in February that accelerated his isolation. Had he departed peacefully when his constitutional term expired in November 2007, he would have won some respect. Instead, he imposed a state of emergency and sacked the chief justice of the Supreme Court, who was hearing a petition challenging the legality of his presidency. Now Musharraf is under heavy pressure to resign, threatened with impeachment and abandoned by most of his cronies, who accumulated land and money during his term and are now sidling in the direction of the new power brokers.

The February election put the Pakistan People’s Party led by Asif Ali Zardari, husband of the assassinated Benazir Bhutto, at the head of a fragile coalition government with former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and his Pakistan Muslim League-N. The country moved from a moth-eaten Musharraf dictatorship to a moth-eaten democracy.

Six months later, the ideals of the election, embraced by the hopeful youth and the poor of the country — political morality, the rule of law, civic virtue, food subsidies, freedom and equality of opportunity — once again lie at their feet, broken and scattered. Zardari and his men are extremely unpopular. Removing Musharraf, who is even more unpopular, might buy these venal politicians some time, but not much.

They moved against Musharraf only after Gen. Ashfaq Kayani, the army chief and onetime Musharraf protege, let it be known that there would be no military action to defend his former boss. Washington fell into line. In Kayani, U.S. leaders have a professional and military leader loyal to Washington, someone they imagine will do the United States’ bidding with or without Musharraf.

Earlier this year, U.S. Deputy Secretary of State John D. Negroponte had wanted to retain Musharraf until President Bush was out of office. And in July, Anne Patterson, the U.S. ambassador to Pakistan, and a few British diplomats tried to negotiate a deal on behalf of Musharraf. But the Pakistani politicians no longer wanted to play ball, and now Washington has decided to let Musharraf go.

The Pakistanis insist that Musharraf must leave the country. Sanctuaries in Manhattan, Texas and the Turkish island of Büyükada are being considered. The general would prefer a large estate in Pakistan, preferably near a golf course, but security considerations alone make that infeasible.

Amid the hullabaloo, there was one hugely diverting moment this week — a case of the pot calling the kettle black. Zardari, reportedly the second-richest man in the nation (with a fortune allegedly gained from illegal government kickbacks when his late wife was prime minister), accused Musharraf of corruption and of siphoning money from U.S. aid to Pakistan and transferring it to his private bank accounts. For once, the sound of laughter drowned out the thunder of money.

Musharraf’s departure will highlight the problems that confront the country, which is in the grips of a food and energy crisis. Inflation is out of control; it approached the 15% mark in May. The price of natural gas, used for cooking in many homes, has risen by 30%. Wheat, a staple, has seen a 20% price hike since November 2007, with the world’s stocks at record lows, and the Pakistani government has been cracking down on the smuggling of wheat flour into Afghanistan to serve the needs of NATO troops. According to a June survey, 86% of Pakistanis find it increasingly difficult to afford flour on a daily basis, for which they blame their new government.

Other problems persist. The ruling politicians remain divided on the restoration of the judges sacked by Musharraf. The chief justice, Iftikhar Mohammed Chaudhry, is generally seen as the most respected person in the country and is very popular with the people. Zardari is reluctant to see him back at the head of the Supreme Court. A possible compromise might be to offer him the presidency — which the coalition government is trying to restore to its traditional ceremonial role. It would certainly unite the country for a short time.

And there is always the army. Last month, the country’s powerless (and incoherent) prime minister, Yusaf Raza Gillani, visited the United States. He was asked at a gathering at the Council of Foreign Relations whether he thought there was within Pakistan’s army “a broader acceptance of a more limited role for the army.” He assured the group that “the people have voted against dictatorship and for democracy, and therefore … in future even … the chief of the army staff is highly professional and is fully supporting the democracy.”

This convinces nobody. Over the last 50 years, the United States has worked mainly with the Pakistani army. This has been its preferred instrument. Nothing has changed. The question being asked is, how long before the military is back at the helm?

The problem between Muhajir vs Punjabi in Pakistan goes back as far as 1947, when Punjab did not offer Muhajirs a place to settle peacefully in Punjab, the most fertile and rich province, and wherever they wanted to settle down, they were made to leave and go somewhere else. These people were already fatigued and bruised mentally and well as physically, and the idea of not being welcomed into a country that was achieved by virtue of sacrifices of their families didn’t go down very well. They were welcomed in large by the Sindhis and they shifted to the port town of Karachi, which around that time was just a little more than a fishing village, but because of the education and foresight of these Muhajirs, quickly developed into a major city and is now classified as one of the mega-cities of the world. It has also been running the country’s economy ever since it became an economic centre and although development in the city has been curtailed in the past two decades as focus has shifted to developing Punjab, it is still the biggest city and is referred to as “the pulse of Pakistan”.

When Quaid-e-Tehreek Altaf Bhai (aka Altaf Ghunda, Minister without Portfolio, Karachi gangster, Gangster Bhaiyya etc etc) refers to the Partition in his annual address to the nation (read: Karachi’s population) he always expresses his gratitude to the Sindhi people for giving Muhajirs a place to settle in Sindh. He also tries to needle Punjabis and complain to them indirectly saying that they did not accept and welcome the Muhajir people.

There is a power struggle between the two most influential and powerful ethnicities in Pakistan, the Muhajirs and the Punjabis. Most of the animosity has resulted as a consequence of this power struggle. When the Muhajirs came into Pakistan, they were a striking contrast to the general Punjabi population and in terms of culture they were completely opposite- whether that is in socio economic terms, how they perceived arts, literature and entertainment, political terms or simply from a behavioral point of view- generally Muhajirs being soft spoken, reserved, thoughtful and humble, while Punjabis being more extroverted, crude and aggressive (when I mention “crude” here, I don’t mean in an “uncouth” way, I mean in a more “villager mentality” way although some perhaps might see both terms as synonyms). One of the biggest differences was that whereas Punjabis subscribed to the agricultural background and frame of mind, Muhajirs were more urban and sophisticated in their approach.

Javed A Khan mentioned about the brutal massacres committed in East Punjab against the Muslims that were migrating into Pakistan. In Pakistan there is a perception that the brutal massacres were committed by Hindus against Muslims in Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat or U.P(as Javed A Khan confirms) but the truth is, the brutal massacre in thousands was committed by Sikhs against Muslims in Punjab, near the Lahore border. There are a few reasons why the blame is placed on Hindus for this massacre and I would not like to go in detail as to that, but the policy of Pakistan’s Punjab is to be very friendly to the SIkhs in India. The reason being, that Sikhs and Pakistani Punjabis are basically the same people with a different religion. The only minor difference is that in Pakistan, you see a lot more Kashmiri infleunce where Kashmiris and Punjabis have blended more (most Punjabis share common roots with Kashmiris anyway) whereas in Indian Punjab you see the “thait” Punjabis. Most Pakistani Punjabis respect the Sikhs and think of them as their brothers, and interestingly at the same time they have feelings of animosity towards the Hindus, although Sikhism is really an extension of Hinduism. So at the end of the day it boils down to a question of whether you consider religion as more significant or culture/ethnicity. It seems going off how it works in Pakistan that the majority of Pakistan’s population perceives lineage and culture as more important than religion, although ostensibly it seems otherwise.

Like Javed A Khan, I also detest MQM and their leader but I can also understand why Altaf Hussein found it necessary to make his party based around principles of regionalism and jingoism. However there is a wrong and right way to do everything and by promoting jingoism instead of justice and fairness and by terrorising the people of Pakistan, MQM is has become a group that is hated more than any other organised group in Pakistan. I feel the MQM has done more to hinder the progress of Muhajirs than help Muhajirs in Pakistan. In Karachi the MQM workers still rely on corruption and extortion to earn their income which they then use to fund the party’s rallies and activities. The vast majority of Karachi’s Muhajir population is as much a victim to the actions of MQM, as the non Muhajirs are.

He had many names:

Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
Baccha Khan
Badshah Khan
King of Kings
Khudai Khidmatgar (the one who help others in the name of God)
Sarhadi Gandhi (because he was also a non-violence practitioner like M.K. Gandhi)

His son Khan Abdul Wali Khan died a couple years ago. Just like his father Wali Khan was a controversial figure in Pakistani politics, he was referred to as both, a hero and traitor during his political career because of his association to the Indian Congress which opposed the creation of Pakistan. But, later on he became an active politician in Pakistan and was head of National Awami Party. Actually none of these Khan’s supported the creation of Pakistan and none of the Punjabi leaders supported the creation of Pakistan. In fact Sikandar Hayat Khan of Punjab was even against the Quit India Movement and he was pro-British.

Ghaffar Khan’s brother was Khan Abdul Jabbar Khan was also against the creation of Pakistan and he was assassinated by Atta Mohammad, a Punjabi Patwari from Mianwali while Jabbar Khan was sitting in the garden of his son’s house. But, that was not politically motivated murder.

Today, Chaudhary Shujaat Hussain talks about his roots with Pakistan, his father Chaudhry Zahoor Elahi was a police constable of the undivided Punjab, after allegations of corruption he was dismissed from the Police Force. Its rather unfortunate that Chaudhary Shujaat Hussain became the Prime Minister of Pakistan. And all these Chaudharies, Shujaat Hussain, Chaudhary Wajahat Hussain, Chaudhary Parvaiz Elahi, they became the elite of Pakistan.

Ali Ahad

Z. A. Bhutto was no doubt a genius but a perverted one. His intelligence and his foreign policy have no match, neither his daughter nor anyone else could match that skill. But, internally he couldn’t control anyone and became very weak and that was the reason he was hanged and died very disgracefully.

Btw, it was not Nawaz Sharif but, Z. A. Bhutto who started this BUM business, he raised the slogan in the early seventies: “Ghaas Khaingay Laikin Bum Bunaingay.” He was also responsible for the separation of Bangladesh because when Mujib ur Rehman’s Awami Party won the majority he did not like it and he even threatened the other parties from West Pakistan namely the Jamaat-e-Islami who were supporting Mujib ur Rahman that if their MNA’s go to Dhakka to attend the National Assembly session, he will break their legs and this was a direct threat to the leader of Jamaat -e- Ismali Mian Tufail Mohammad.

Khan Abdul Wali Khan used to call him Adolph Bhutto because he with power he became corrupt, “power corrupts, absolute power corrupts absolutely.”

He was the only person who could have abolished the Feudal Lords System from Pakistan for good, but he chickened out and became the victim of all these Chaudharys, Wadheras, Sardars etc. People like Mustafa Khar who were famous for being so notorious that they could kidnap any woman from the street became the Governor of Punjab during his reign.

Regarding BIBI, to say that she was good but her husband is bad is being naive and its more like burying your head under the sand, just like an Ostrich. We are not talking about a female who could not handle her rogue husband. We are talking about a Prime Minister and if she is unable to control her husband then she is not fit for the job of a Prime Minister. Its a fact that she turned a blind eye and a deaf ear to whatever Zardari was doing. The only reason she did nothing to stop him because she wanted to save her marriage to stay in power as a Prime Minister. If she had taken divorce from him (although there was nothing left in their marriage) then the people of Pakistan, especially the Mullah’s would have made her life hell as they would have never accepted a divorced Lady Prime Minister to rule the country.

The argument would have been, if she cannot save her own marriage, if she cannot run her own house in order how can she run the country? And based on that I would ask the same question if she cannot control one rogue man how could she control the whole country?

Being an Oxford or Cambridge graduate and able to speak fluent English does not mean she has qualified for the job? Politically she learnt a few traits from her late father. But, people say she was behind the assassination of her own brother Murtaza Bhutto – whose daughter Fatima Bhutto blames Benazir and Zardari both for murdering her father – And thats not only her views there is a whole lot of people who firmly believe that both BB and Zardari were behind Murtaza’s murder.

The irony is she had achieved everything and greed got her killed. She had everything meaning, she was filthy rich, she was Prime Minister twice and she was rich and famous too. She had a family – I mean kids – ignore that MF husband. Any American President can stay in power only for 8 years maximum and she was in power for that much period, but she was not satisfied she wanted more and thats greed, she came back to Pakistan only to die. I am not saying it was good that she died but there was no need for her to come back or even if she wanted to be back into her motherland or fatherland there was no need for her to be in politics. And there was no need for her to pop out of the bullet proof car – that was destined to have happened.

More about cricket later.

I think u r talking ab’t “Khan abdul gaffar khan” … people call the same guy as “bacha khan” ? Both names sound strikingly different
I dont have much knowledge ab’t him .. but told by our history books that he was a great leader in frontier area who believed in non-violence and was anti-partition guy.
In india too, you can find many voices who believe that partition was the result of power struggle between nehru and jinnah. Many people many voices ..